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La restricción calórica en humanos revela los reguladores inmunometabolicos de la salud
O Spadaro1,2,3, Y Youm1,2,3, I Shchukina4
1Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 10, 2022
Resumen
La restricción calórica (CR) en humanos mejora la función inmune y la salud metabólica mediante la reprogramación de la expresión génica. La reducción de PLA2G7 puede mediar estos efectos, ofreciendo un objetivo para extender la duración de la salud y reducir la inflamación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Metabolismo inmunológico
- Investigación de la longevidad
- Ciencias de la nutrición
Sus antecedentes:
- La restricción calórica (CR) extiende la vida útil en roedores, pero implica compensaciones que afectan el crecimiento, la reproducción y la inmunidad.
- La identificación de objetivos de imitación de RC es un desafío debido a estas complejas compensaciones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los efectos inmunometabólicos de la CR moderada en el ser humano.
- Para identificar los objetivos moleculares que median los beneficios para la salud de CR.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de 2 años con un 14% de CR en humanos sanos.
- Análisis de la reprogramación transcripcional en el tejido adiposo.
- Estudios de deleción genética de Pla2g7 en ratones.
Principales resultados:
- La CR moderada mejoró la timopoyesis y se relacionó con la movilización lipídica intratímica.
- CR alteró la expresión génica del tejido adiposo relacionada con la función mitocondrial, la inflamación y la longevidad.
- La expresión del gen Pla2g7 fue reducida por la CR en humanos.
- La deleción de Pla2g7 en ratones protegió contra la inflamación y mejoró la salud metabólica.
Conclusiones:
- La reducción de PLA2G7 puede mediar los beneficios inmunometabólicos de la CR.
- Dirigirse a PLA2G7 podría ofrecer una estrategia para reducir la inflamación y extender la duración de la salud.
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