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Estructura y reconocimiento de los receptores por el complejo de picos del virus Lassa
Michael Katz1, Jonathan Weinstein2, Maayan Eilon-Ashkenazy1
1Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Nature
|February 17, 2022
Resumen
La estructura del pico del virus Lassa revela cómo entra en las células. Se aclara el mecanismo de unión del péptido de señal y el matriglicano, lo que ayuda al diseño terapéutico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Biología estructural
- Glicobiología
Sus antecedentes:
- El virus de Lassa (LASV) es un patógeno humano significativo que causa enfermedades graves.
- La entrada de LASV se basa en un complejo de picos de superficie que interactúa con el receptor celular matriglicano, que se encuentra en el α-distroglicano.
- El mecanismo preciso de reconocimiento del glicano LASV y el papel de su péptido de señal único siguen sin estar claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar el mecanismo molecular de la entrada del virus Lassa.
- Determinar la estructura y la función del complejo de picos LASV nativo, incluido su péptido de señal.
- Para entender cómo el LASV reconoce y se une a su receptor celular, el matriglicano.
Principales métodos:
- Microscopía criolectrónica (Cryo-EM) para resolver la estructura del complejo de picos LASV nativo.
- Análisis bioquímicos y biofísicos para investigar la conformación y las interacciones del complejo de picos.
Principales resultados:
- Se determinó la estructura completa del complejo de picos de LASV nativo.
- Se encontró que el péptido de señal cruzó la membrana una vez, con su amino terminal extracelular.
- Un mecanismo de conmutación de dominio de doble cara que involucra el péptido de señal estabiliza el pico, que está precargado con matriglicano.
Conclusiones:
- La estructura determinada revela la base molecular de la unión de LASV al matriglicano a través del α-distroglicano.
- Comprender el papel del péptido de señal y el mecanismo de participación del receptor proporciona información sobre la salida viral.
- Este conocimiento puede guiar el diseño racional de nuevas terapias dirigidas a la interacción del pico de LASV con el matriglicano.
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