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Construction of Root Locus01:15

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The construction of a root locus involves several key steps to analyze and visualize the behavior of a system's poles with varying gain. The number of branches in the root locus equals the number of closed-loop poles and is symmetrical about the real axis.
For positive gain values, the root locus exists on the real axis to the left of an odd number of finite open-loop poles or zeros. The root locus starts at the open-loop poles and traces the paths of the closed-loop poles as the gain...
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Properties of the Root Locus01:05

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The root locus method is an invaluable tool for analyzing higher-order systems without needing to factor the denominator of the transfer function. A pole of the system is identified when the characteristic polynomial in the transfer function's denominator equals zero.
To determine if a point lies on the root locus, the criterion involves the sum of angles contributed by all poles and zeros to that point. Specifically, this sum must be an odd multiple of 180 degrees. The gain at any point on...
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Plotting and Calibrating the Root Locus01:19

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Root loci often diverge as system poles shift from the real axis to the complex plane. Key points in this transition are the breakaway and break-in points, indicating where the root locus leaves and reenters the real axis. The branches of the root locus form an angle of 180/n degrees with the real axis, where n is the number of branches at a breakaway or break-in point.
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Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize
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Un superloco conservado regula la iniciación de las raíces por encima y por debajo del suelo

Moutasem Omary1, Naama Gil-Yarom1, Chen Yahav1

  • 1The Institute of Plant Science and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 3, 2022
PubMed
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Las plantas pueden echar raíces de brotes, no sólo bajo tierra. Un nuevo estudio revela que un gen clave, SHOOTBORNE ROOTLESS (SBRL), controla este proceso, ofreciendo información sobre el desarrollo de las plantas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología vegetal
  • Biología del desarrollo
  • La genética

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las plantas exhiben una notable plasticidad en la formación de órganos, adaptándose a las señales ambientales.
  • Si bien las raíces laterales se desarrollan bajo tierra, el mecanismo de formación de raíces por brote sigue sin estar claro.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Aclarar los mecanismos celulares y moleculares subyacentes al desarrollo de las raíces por brote en el tomate (Solanum lycopersicum).
  • Identificar los factores genéticos clave que regulan esta vía de desarrollo única.

Principales métodos:

  • Mapa de resolución de una sola célula del desarrollo de las raíces de los brotes de tomate.
  • Identificación y caracterización de un nuevo factor de transcripción, el SHOOTBORNE ROOTLESS (SBRL).
  • Análisis evolutivo de SBRL y sus análogos.

Principales resultados:

  • Las raíces transmitidas por brotes se originan a partir de células asociadas al floema a través de un estado de transición distinto.
  • El factor de transcripción SBRL es esencial para activar este estado de transición.
  • La función y los elementos reguladores de SBRL se conservan en las angiospermas, con paralogos involucrados en otros procesos de formación de raíces.

Conclusiones:

  • Un estado de transición conservado, regulado por factores específicos del contexto como SBRL, subyace a la plasticidad de los sistemas de raíces de las plantas.
  • Comprender SBRL proporciona información sobre la evolución del desarrollo de las raíces y la organogénesis.