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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami
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Nanoestructura basada en ADN de doble cadena codificada genéticamente plegada por un sistema CRISPR/dCas

Tiantian Wu1,2, Yuanwei Cao3,4, Qing Liu1

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 31, 2022
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron una nueva estrategia de nanotecnología de ADN utilizando repeticiones palíndromas cortas agrupadas regularmente (CRISPR) y ADN de doble cadena. Este método crea nuevas nanoestructuras híbridas para aplicaciones potenciales de regulación génica.

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Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biotecnología
  • Nanotecnología
  • Biología molecular

Sus antecedentes:

  • La nanotecnología del ADN utiliza comúnmente la hibridación de ADN de una sola cadena para la construcción de nanoestructuras.
  • Los métodos existentes se enfrentan a limitaciones en la creación de nanoestructuras de ADN complejas y estables.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir una nueva estrategia para la construcción de nanoestructuras híbridas de doble cadena de ADN y ribonucleoproteína (RNP).
  • Para utilizar un cluster covalentemente bivalente con repeticiones palíndromas cortas regularmente espaciadas (CRISPR) / sistema de proteína asociada a CRISPR con nucleasa muerta (dCas) para el plegamiento del ADN.

Principales métodos:

  • Fusión de las proteínas dCas9 y dCas12a a través de un enlace péptido sensible a estímulos para crear RNP bivalentes.
  • La activación de las grapas RNP por ARN guía para apuntar y unir secuencias específicas en un andamio de ADN de doble cadena.
  • Inducción del plegamiento del ADN a través del reconocimiento y la unión de RNP, formando nanoestructuras híbridas.

Principales resultados:

  • Construcción exitosa de nanoestructuras híbridas ADN-RNP de doble cadena.
  • Demostración de la capacidad de las nanoestructuras para proteger la información genética en un estado plegado.
  • Exhibición de transcripción génica sensible al estímulo al despliegue de las nanoestructuras.

Conclusiones:

  • La estrategia desarrollada ofrece un nuevo enfoque para la nanotecnología del ADN al emplear el plegado de ADN de doble cadena con sistemas RNP basados en CRISPR.
  • Este método proporciona una plataforma genéticamente codificada para la formación de nanoestructuras estables y la regulación genética controlada.
  • Los hallazgos abren nuevas vías para diseñar nanodispositivos de ADN funcionales avanzados.