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Grabación in situ del paisaje sonoro de Marte
S Maurice1, B Chide2, N Murdoch3
1Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, Toulouse, France. sylvestre.maurice@irap.omp.eu.
Nature
|April 1, 2022
Resumen
El rover Perseverance
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias
- Acústico
- Física de la atmósfera
Sus antecedentes:
- Las propiedades acústicas de la atmósfera marciana eran previamente desconocidas.
- Los modelos teóricos predijeron la turbulencia, la velocidad del sonido dependiente de la frecuencia y la atenuación en CO2, pero carecían de validación experimental.
- La falta de datos experimentales de baja presión y los desafíos en la caracterización de la turbulencia / atenuación dificultaron el modelado preciso.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para caracterizar el ambiente acústico marciano usando datos de los micrófonos del rover Perseverance.
- Para medir las fluctuaciones de presión en un amplio rango de frecuencias (20 Hz a 50 kHz).
- Proporcionar datos experimentales sobre el terreno para modelos acústicos en atmósferas de baja presión de CO2.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las grabaciones del micrófono del rover Perseverance.
- Utilizando el sonido del Ingenuity y las chispas inducidas por láser como fuentes puntuales.
- Medición de la atenuación acústica con distancia para frecuencias superiores a 2 kHz.
Principales resultados:
- Primera caracterización del entorno acústico de Marte y las fluctuaciones de presión.
- Variaciones de presión observadas que se extienden a escalas 1.000 veces más pequeñas que las medidas anteriores.
- Identificó dos velocidades de sonido distintas por debajo y por encima de 240 Hz, características del CO2 a baja presión.
- Atenuación acústica cuantificada por encima de 2 kHz, destacando el papel de la relajación vibratoria del CO2.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio proporciona los primeros datos experimentales sobre el entorno acústico de Marte.
- Los resultados validan y refinan los modelos de procesos acústicos en atmósferas dominadas por CO2.
- Los hallazgos son críticos para futuros estudios de las atmósferas planetarias, incluidos Marte y Venus.
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