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Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals

Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals

Published on: November 22, 2021

Unidad de ductilidad en tracción con resistencia ultra alta mediante ondulación de composición

Heng Li^1,2,3, Hongxiang Zong³, Suzhi Li³

¹Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.

|April 14, 2022

Resumen

Las aleaciones nanocristalinas de níquel-cobalto alcanzan una resistencia ultra alta (2,3 GPa) con una ductilidad de tracción significativa (16% de alargamiento). Este avance en la ciencia de los materiales se atribuye a las ondulaciones de composición dentro de la estructura de la aleación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
Trabajos de metalurgia
Nanotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

Los metales nanocristalinos exhiben una resistencia ultra alta, pero por lo general carecen de ductilidad en la tracción.
El fortalecimiento del límite de grano en metales cúbicos centrados en la cara (FCC) a menudo compromete la ductilidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar aleaciones nanocristalinas con una resistencia ultra alta y una ductilidad de tracción significativa.
Investigar los mecanismos microstruturales responsables de las propiedades mecánicas mejoradas en las aleaciones nanocristalinas.

Principales métodos:

Fabricación de soluciones sólidas nanocristalinas de níquel y cobalto.
Caracterización de las características microstruturales, incluidas las ondulaciones de composición.
Prueba de tracción para evaluar la resistencia y la ductilidad.
Análisis del movimiento de dislocación y sus interacciones.

Principales resultados:

Se obtiene una resistencia a la tracción de aproximadamente 2,3 GPa con un alargamiento al fallo del 16%.
Las ondulaciones de composición en la escala nanométrica se identificaron como la característica microstructural clave.
Las ondulaciones llevaron a la energía de falla de apilamiento y las tensiones de la celosía que varían espacialmente, afectando el movimiento de la dislocación.
El movimiento de dislocación se volvió lento, promoviendo la interacción, el entrelazamiento y la acumulación, mejorando el endurecimiento por tensión y la ductilidad.

Conclusiones:

La ondulación de composición en soluciones sólidas nanocristalinas de níquel-cobalto es un nuevo mecanismo de fortalecimiento que preserva la ductilidad de tracción.
Este mecanismo mejora el endurecimiento por deformación y la sensibilidad a la tasa de deformación, estabilizando el flujo de tracción a altas tensiones.
Los resultados ofrecen una nueva vía para el diseño de materiales estructurales de alto rendimiento.

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