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Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
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Evidencia, causas y consecuencias de la disminución de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno en los ecosistemas terrestres
Rachel E Mason1, Joseph M Craine2, Nina K Lany3
1National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, Annapolis, MD, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 14, 2022
Resumen
La disponibilidad global de nitrógeno (N) está disminuyendo a pesar de que las actividades humanas duplican el suministro de N. Esto afecta a la productividad de los ecosistemas y a las dietas de los herbívoros, lo que requiere una acción urgente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Biogeoquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- La productividad del ecosistema depende del nitrógeno reactivo (N).
- Las actividades humanas han duplicado el suministro mundial de nitrógeno reactivo en el último siglo.
- Los datos a largo plazo indican una disminución de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno en muchas regiones del mundo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la comprensión actual de la disminución de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno reactivo.
- Resaltar el impacto de los cambios globales en el equilibrio entre la oferta y la demanda de N.
- Proponer estrategias para hacer frente a este reto medioambiental.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los registros ecológicos a largo plazo.
- Evaluación de los efectos de los cambios globales (CO2, temperatura) en la dinámica del N.
- Síntesis de los conocimientos actuales sobre la disponibilidad de N.
Principales resultados:
- La disponibilidad de nitrógeno reactivo (N) está disminuyendo en muchos ecosistemas a nivel mundial.
- Los cambios globales, incluidos el aumento del CO2 y las temperaturas, alteran la oferta de N en relación con la demanda.
- La disminución de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno limita la productividad primaria y reduce la calidad de la dieta de los herbívoros.
Conclusiones:
- La disminución de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno representa una amenaza significativa para la función y los servicios de los ecosistemas.
- Se necesitan más investigaciones y una gestión proactiva para abordar este problema emergente.
- Comprender y responder a la disminución de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno es crucial para la resiliencia del ecosistema.
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