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Reutilización por ordenador de los residuos químicos en drogas
Agnieszka Wołos1,2, Dominik Koszelewski2, Rafał Roszak1
1Allchemy, Highland, IN, USA.
Nature
|April 28, 2022
Resumen
Los algoritmos informáticos pueden identificar vías eficientes para convertir los desechos químicos industriales en productos valiosos como medicamentos y productos agroquímicos. Este enfoque ayuda a la química circular, reduciendo los residuos y los peligros ambientales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Química
- Química computacional
- Química ecológica
Sus antecedentes:
- La industria química genera una cantidad significativa de residuos, lo que requiere enfoques químicos circulares para la valorización de los residuos.
- Las estrategias actuales de producción de residuos están fragmentadas y limitadas a clases químicas bien establecidas.
- El análisis de vastas posibilidades sintéticas de diversos desechos químicos es un desafío computacional para los químicos humanos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y demostrar un método computacional para identificar rutas sintéticas viables desde residuos químicos hasta productos valiosos.
- Aprovechar la inteligencia artificial y el amplio conocimiento sintético para la valorización integral de los residuos.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó la plataforma de síntesis avanzada de Allchemy para generar extensas redes sintéticas a partir de aproximadamente 200 productos químicos de desecho a escala comercial.
- Recuperado decenas de miles de rutas sintéticas que conducen a aproximadamente 300 medicamentos y agroquímicos valiosos.
- Rutas sintéticas clasificadas algorítmicamente basadas en métricas químicas sostenibles y rutas seleccionadas validadas experimentalmente, incluida una demostración de flujo químico.
Principales resultados:
- Generó redes sintéticas masivas que mapean las transformaciones potenciales de los desechos químicos industriales.
- Se han identificado miles de vías de síntesis viables desde residuos químicos hasta productos farmacéuticos y agroquímicos valiosos.
- La validación experimental confirmó la viabilidad de las síntesis químicas generadas por computadora.
Conclusiones:
- Los sistemas computarizados pueden navegar eficazmente por redes sintéticas complejas para descubrir nuevas vías de conversión de residuos en valor.
- Este enfoque acelera la reutilización productiva de los residuos químicos, ofreciendo beneficios económicos y ambientales.
- La adopción generalizada de estos algoritmos puede avanzar significativamente en los principios de la economía circular en la industria química.
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