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La superficie mínima de tierra que requiere atención de conservación para salvaguardar la biodiversidad

James R Allan^1,2, Hugh P Possingham^2,3, Scott C Atkinson^2,4

¹Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 2, 2022

Resumen

Al menos 64 millones de kilómetros cuadrados (44% de la tierra) necesitan conservación para detener la crisis de la biodiversidad. La acción inmediata es vital ya que 1,3 millones de kilómetros cuadrados se enfrentan a la conversión para 2030, pero los escenarios muestran el potencial para evitarlo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de la conservación
Biodiversidad
Planificación del uso del suelo

Sus antecedentes:

La crisis mundial de la biodiversidad requiere estrategias de conservación ambiciosas.
La protección de las zonas vitales de biodiversidad, los ecosistemas intactos y la representación de las especies es crucial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Estimar el área mínima de tierra necesaria para la conservación de la biodiversidad mundial.
Identificar las áreas que requieren atención de conservación y evaluar los riesgos del uso humano de la tierra.

Principales métodos:

Modelado de escenarios de uso del suelo explícitos desde el punto de vista espacial.
Estimación de la superficie mínima para la representación de la biodiversidad y la integridad.

Principales resultados:

Un mínimo de 64 millones de km2 (44% de la superficie terrestre) requiere conservación.
Más de 1.800 millones de personas habitan estos países críticos.
1.3 millones de kilómetros cuadrados están en riesgo de conversión para 2030.

Conclusiones:

Los esfuerzos de conservación deben integrar las necesidades humanas, promoviendo la autonomía y la equidad.
Se necesita una atención urgente para las zonas en riesgo, con un potencial significativo para evitar la pérdida de hábitat.
El Marco Mundial para la Diversidad Biológica después de 2020 puede impulsar la conservación de las tierras identificadas.

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