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Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes
Published on: August 16, 2018
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Ventanas asimétricas de poros en membranas MOF para la valorización del gas natural
Sheng Zhou1,2,3, Osama Shekhah1,2,3, Adrian Ramírez1,4,5
1Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Nature
|June 22, 2022
Resumen
Una nueva membrana de marco metálico-orgánico (MOF, por sus siglas en inglés) elimina eficazmente el nitrógeno del gas natural. Esta innovación ofrece importantes reducciones de costes para la purificación del metano, mejorando la eficiencia energética.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Ingeniería Química
- Ciencia de la separación
Sus antecedentes:
- El gas natural requiere una alta pureza de metano para su uso como materia prima.
- La eliminación de nitrógeno es crucial debido a su impacto en el valor de calentamiento.
- Separar el nitrógeno del metano es un desafío debido a propiedades físicas similares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un proceso energéticamente eficiente para la eliminación del nitrógeno del gas natural.
- Para diseñar una membrana con permeabilidad selectiva de nitrógeno.
- Evaluar la viabilidad económica de la nueva tecnología de separación.
Principales métodos:
- Fabricación de una membrana de enlace mezclado metal-orgánico (MOF) (Zr-fum67-mes33-fcu-MOF).
- Modificación de la forma de la abertura de los poros para crear asimetría.
- Experimentos de permeación del gas a alta presión (hasta 50 bar).
- Análisis tecnoeconómico comparando la membrana MOF con los métodos convencionales.
Principales resultados:
- La membrana MOF demostró una alta selectividad para el nitrógeno sobre el metano.
- Se logró una permeabilidad de nitrógeno récord bajo presiones prácticas.
- La membrana eliminó efectivamente tanto el nitrógeno como el dióxido de carbono.
- El análisis tecnoeconómico indicó un importante potencial de reducción de costes.
Conclusiones:
- La membrana MOF desarrollada ofrece una solución altamente selectiva y permeable para la eliminación de nitrógeno del gas natural.
- Esta tecnología presenta una alternativa sustancial de ahorro de costes a la destilación criogénica y a la depuración con aminas.
- La estructura de poros diseñada es clave para lograr una purificación eficiente del metano.
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