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Nanojaula de ADN de neutralización con patrón espacial para el bloqueo eficiente del SARS-CoV-2

Jialu Zhang^1,2, Yunyun Xu², Yihao Huang¹

¹The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|June 30, 2022

Resumen

Un nuevo marco de ADN icosaédrico (IDNA-30) ensambla aptameros neutralizantes para combatir el SARS-CoV-2. Esta estrategia de amplio espectro inhibe eficazmente las cepas salvajes y mutantes, incluido Omicron, al bloquear la infección viral.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Nanotecnología
Virología
La bioquímica

Sus antecedentes:

La amenaza global del SARS-CoV-2 requiere estrategias antivirales de amplio espectro.
Los tratamientos existentes se enfrentan a desafíos con cepas y mutaciones virales emergentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar una nueva nanoestructura para ensamblar aptameros neutralizantes contra el SARS-CoV-2.
Para crear un agente antiviral de amplio espectro capaz de inhibir diversas cepas virales.

Principales métodos:

Diseño y montaje de un marco de ADN icosaédrico (IDNA-30) que presenta hasta 30 aptámeres dispuestos espacialmente.
Coincidencia topológica de los aptameros con el trímero de la proteína del pico del SARS-CoV-2 para la unión multivalente.
Utilizando la rigidez del marco y la disposición del aptamer para inducir la agregación viral y bloquear la entrada de la célula huésped.

Principales resultados:

El IDNA-30 demostró una neutralización efectiva de amplio espectro del SARS-CoV-2.
La nanoestructura inhibió con éxito las cepas salvajes y mutantes, incluido el pseudovirus Omicron.
La unión de aptamer multivalente y con patrones espaciales indujo la agregación viral y bloqueó la infección.

Conclusiones:

El IDNA-30 representa una estrategia de neutralización multidimensional prometedora contra el SARS-CoV-2.
Este enfoque mejora el efecto inhibidor de los reactivos neutralizantes para combatir las infecciones virales.
El marco ofrece una nueva dirección para el desarrollo de terapias antivirales contra virus actuales y futuros.