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Observación directa de los vórtices en un fluido de electrones
A Aharon-Steinberg1, T Völkl1, A Kaplan1
1Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Nature
|July 6, 2022
Resumen
Los científicos visualizaron vórtices de fluidos electrónicos en WTe2, revelando un nuevo mecanismo hidrodinámico inducido por la superficie. Este descubrimiento permite explorar los fluidos electrónicos en sistemas de alta movilidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física de la materia condensada
- Los materiales cuánticos
- Hidrodinámica de electrones
Sus antecedentes:
- El comportamiento hidrodinámico en los conductores está típicamente asociado con fuertes interacciones electrón-electrón.
- Investigaciones anteriores indicaron firmas hidrodinámicas como la resistencia negativa y el flujo de Poiseuille.
- La visualización de vórtices, un sello clave de la hidrodinámica, seguía siendo difícil de alcanzar en los sistemas de electrones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para visualizar y caracterizar vórtices en un fluido de electrones.
- Investigar las condiciones que rigen la formación de vórtices y la estabilidad en un material específico.
- Para explorar un nuevo mecanismo para el flujo de electrones hidrodinámico.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un dispositivo de interferencia cuántica superconductora de escaneo a nanoescala (SSQUID) en una punta para imágenes de distribución de corriente.
- Empleado una geometría de cámara circular conectada a través de una pequeña abertura a una tira portadora de corriente.
- Se estudió el ditelururo de tungsteno semimetálico de tipo II de alta pureza (WTe2).
Principales resultados:
- Visualizaron con éxito vórtices cuantificados en el fluido de electrones dentro de la cámara WTe2.
- Se observó que la formación de vórtices depende del tamaño de la abertura, con vórtices presentes solo para aberturas pequeñas.
- Documentado la división de un único vórtice en dos cerca de la transición de vórtice a laminar, indicativo del flujo hidrodinámico.
Conclusiones:
- Identificó un régimen para-hidrodinámico inducido por la superficie en cristales finos y puros, impulsado por la dispersión superficial en lugar de la dispersión electrón-electrón.
- Se demostró que este mecanismo imita la hidrodinámica convencional, incluida la formación de vórtices.
- Se han abierto nuevas vías para la investigación y aplicación de la fluidez electrónica en materiales de alta movilidad.
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