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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
Published on: May 30, 2025
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Intervenciones de asesoramiento conductual para promover una dieta saludable y actividad física para la prevención de
, Carol M Mangione1, Michael J Barry2
1University of California, Los Angeles.
JAMA
|July 26, 2022
Resumen
El asesoramiento conductual para una dieta saludable y la actividad física ofrece un pequeño beneficio para los adultos sin factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Los médicos deben personalizar las recomendaciones para estas intervenciones preventivas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina de prevención de la enfermedad
- Salud pública
- Ciencias del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) son la principal causa de muerte en los Estados Unidos.
- Muchos casos de ECV se pueden prevenir abordando factores de riesgo modificables como la dieta y la actividad física.
- La mayoría de los adultos estadounidenses no cumplen con las pautas recomendadas para dietas saludables o actividad física.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Actualizar la recomendación de 2017 sobre asesoramiento conductual para comportamientos saludables.
- Examinar la evidencia sobre los beneficios y los daños de las intervenciones en adultos sin factores de riesgo de ECV.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de las pruebas encargada por el Grupo de Trabajo de Servicios Preventivos de los Estados Unidos (USPSTF).
- Centrado en intervenciones de asesoramiento conductual para promover una dieta saludable y actividad física.
Principales resultados:
- Las intervenciones de asesoramiento conductual muestran un pequeño beneficio neto en la reducción del riesgo de ECV.
- La certeza de esta evidencia es moderada.
Conclusiones:
- El USPSTF recomienda decisiones individualizadas para ofrecer o referir a adultos sin factores de riesgo de ECV al asesoramiento conductual.
- Las intervenciones tienen por objeto promover una alimentación saludable y la actividad física.
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