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Ventaja cuántica práctica en la simulación cuántica
Andrew J Daley1, Immanuel Bloch2,3,4, Christian Kokail5,6
1Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK. andrew.daley@strath.ac.uk.
Nature
|July 27, 2022
Resumen
La computación cuántica ha logrado
Área de la Ciencia:
- La computación cuántica
- Simulación Cuántica
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química Cuántica
- Física de altas energías
Sus antecedentes:
- La computación cuántica ha alcanzado la "ventaja cuántica" para problemas artificiales.
- La siguiente frontera es la "ventaja cuántica práctica" para los desafíos del mundo real.
- La simulación cuántica es una aplicación clave a corto plazo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dar una visión general del estado del arte en la simulación cuántica.
- Para discutir las perspectivas futuras para la simulación cuántica.
- Identificar dónde existe actualmente una ventaja cuántica práctica.
Principales métodos:
- Visión general de las tecnologías y plataformas de computación cuántica actuales.
- Análisis de simuladores cuánticos analógicos para aplicaciones especializadas.
- Discusión de las computadoras cuánticas digitales y los enfoques híbridos.
Principales resultados:
- La ventaja cuántica práctica ya es alcanzable con simuladores cuánticos analógicos especializados.
- Las computadoras cuánticas digitales ofrecen aplicaciones más amplias, pero requieren hardware tolerante a fallas.
- Los dispositivos cuánticos híbridos proporcionan flexibilidad a corto plazo.
Conclusiones:
- Los simuladores cuánticos analógicos especializados ofrecen un camino actual a la ventaja cuántica práctica.
- El desarrollo de hardware tolerante a fallos es crucial para las computadoras cuánticas digitales.
- Los enfoques híbridos son vitales para las aplicaciones cuánticas a corto plazo.
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