Jove
Visualize
Contáctanos
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ACERCA DE JoVE
Visión GeneralLiderazgoBlogCentro de Ayuda JoVE
AUTORES
Proceso de PublicaciónConsejo EditorialAlcance y PolíticasRevisión por ParesPreguntas FrecuentesEnviar
BIBLIOTECARIOS
TestimoniosSuscripcionesAccesoRecursosConsejo Asesor de BibliotecasPreguntas Frecuentes
INVESTIGACIÓN
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchivo
EDUCACIÓN
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualCentro de Recursos para ProfesoresSitio de Profesores
Términos y Condiciones de Uso
Política de Privacidad
Políticas

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

3.4K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
3.4K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

1.2K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
1.2K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.4K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.4K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

4.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
4.4K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

898
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
898
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

70.4K
Overview
70.4K

También podría leer

Artículos Relacionados

Artículos vinculados a este trabajo por autores compartidos, revista y gráfico de citas.

Ordenar por
Same author

The CRISPR ring nuclease Csx15 oligomerises on cyclic nucleotide binding to regulate antiviral defence.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same author

Structural Mechanism of an Efficacy Photoswitch Targeting the β<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic Receptor.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Contrast enhancement potential of food-based imaging agents in cholangiopancreatography and digestive tract investigations using MRI: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

European journal of radiology·2026
Same author

Structure and mechanism of the broad spectrum CRISPR-associated ring nuclease Crn4.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

What is the clinical and cost-effectiveness of surgery with Medial Opening wedge high TIbial Osteotomy compared with Non-surgical treatment (MOTION) in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee in patients younger than 60 years? : a protocol for a multicentre, randomized controlled trial.

Bone & joint open·2025
Same author

An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR-Cas systems including rare variants.

Nature microbiology·2025

Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist
07:48

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist

Published on: April 25, 2018

6.3K

La estructura helicoidal inducida por nucleótidos cíclicos activa un efector inmune TIR

Gaëlle Hogrel1, Abbie Guild2,3, Shirley Graham1

  • 1School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.

Nature
|August 10, 2022
PubMed
Resumen

Este estudio revela cómo un sistema antiviral bacteriano utiliza nucleótidos cíclicos para ensamblar un mecanismo de defensa. Este triadenilato cíclico actúa como un pegamento molecular, activando las enzimas del receptor Toll/interleucina-1 (TIR) para degradar el NAD+ y combatir las infecciones.

Más Videos Relacionados

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

24.0K
Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
12:43

Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE

Published on: July 29, 2014

12.4K

Videos de Experimentos Relacionados

Last Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist
07:48

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist

Published on: April 25, 2018

6.3K
A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

24.0K
Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
12:43

Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE

Published on: July 29, 2014

12.4K

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología molecular
  • Inmunología
  • La bioquímica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La señalización de nucleótidos cíclicos es crucial para la defensa antiviral en todas las formas de vida.
  • Los sistemas bacterianos, como el dominio del receptor Toll / interleucina-1 (TIR), emplean nucleótidos cíclicos para la defensa, a menudo degradando biomoléculas esenciales como el NAD +.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para dilucidar el mecanismo de un sistema de defensa antiviral bacteriano que involucra la señalización cíclica de nucleótidos.
  • Investigar el papel del triadenilato cíclico en la activación de las proteínas efectoras TIR y la degradación de NAD+.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron experimentos in vitro e in vivo para estudiar el proceso de ensamblaje y activación molecular.
  • El análisis estructural se centró en la interacción entre el triadenilato cíclico, los efectores TIR-SAVED y la formación de estructuras solenoides superhélices.

Principales resultados:

  • Un sistema antiviral bacteriano genera triadenilato cíclico, que se une a un efector TIR-SAVED.
  • Esta unión facilita el ensamblaje de una estructura de solenoide superhélica extendida, organizando sitios activos compuestos para la degradación de NAD+.
  • La activación de este mecanismo de defensa requiere la formación de filamentos extendidos, observados tanto in vitro como in vivo.

Conclusiones:

  • El estudio demuestra un ensamblaje molecular a gran escala controlado por nucleótidos cíclicos en un sistema de defensa antiviral bacteriano.
  • Se han revelado detalles mecánicos clave de la activación de la enzima TIR, que involucra la formación de filamentos y la degradación de NAD+.