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Emergencia y crecimiento específicos del contexto de la variante Delta del SARS-CoV-2
John T McCrone1, Verity Hill1, Sumali Bajaj2
1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Nature
|August 11, 2022
Resumen
La variante Delta del SARS-CoV-2 se extendió por todo el mundo, con más de 1,000 introducciones en Inglaterra. La mezcla de la población local, no las importaciones, impulsó su rápida propagación, informando las futuras estrategias de control de variantes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Epidemiología
- La genómica
Sus antecedentes:
- La variante Delta del SARS-CoV-2 (línea B.1.617.2 del Pango) causó resurgimientos globales del COVID-19.
- El surgimiento de Delta en el Reino Unido coincidió con la inmunidad variada y facilitó las intervenciones no farmacéuticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir el surgimiento de la variante Delta.
- Para cuantificar su introducción y propagación regional en toda Inglaterra.
- Comprender el papel de las restricciones de viaje y sociales en la difusión de Delta.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 52,992 genomas de SARS-CoV-2 de Inglaterra y 93,649 del resto del mundo.
- Integración de movimiento humano, rastreo de contactos y datos genómicos de virus.
- Examen de la heterogeneidad espacial en los patrones de contacto.
Principales resultados:
- La expansión geográfica de Delta se desplazó de la India a nivel mundial a principios de mayo de 2021.
- Se produjeron más de 1.000 introducciones del linaje Delta en Inglaterra, extendiéndose por todo el país.
- La cuarentena hotelera redujo la transmisión de las importaciones, pero las cadenas dominantes comenzaron las pre-restricciones.
- Los viajes interregionales alimentaron la propagación a nivel nacional; la mezcla local, no las importaciones, se correlacionó con una propagación más rápida.
- La dinámica de invasión de Delta fue influenciada por variaciones espaciales en los patrones de contacto.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos informan las intervenciones espaciales óptimas contra las variantes actuales y futuras como Omicron.
- Comprender los factores de transmisión es crucial para controlar la propagación de las variantes.
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