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El papel de la inervación somatosensorial de los tejidos adiposos
Yu Wang1,2, Verina H Leung1, Yunxiao Zhang1,2
1Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA.
Nature
|August 31, 2022
Resumen
Los nervios sensoriales en el tejido adiposo actúan como un freno en el sistema simpático, influyendo en el equilibrio energético. La ablación de estos nervios aumenta las almohadillas de grasa y la temperatura corporal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- El metabolismo
- Biología del tejido adiposo
Sus antecedentes:
- El tejido adiposo se comunica con el sistema nervioso central para la homeostasis energética.
- Las hormonas circulantes y la salida simpática son las principales vías estudiadas.
- El papel de las neuronas sensoriales que innervan el tejido adiposo se entiende mal debido a las herramientas genéticas limitadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y utilizar herramientas genéticas para manipular los nervios sensoriales en el tejido adiposo.
- Para aclarar el papel fisiológico de los ganglios de la raíz dorsal (DRG) en la inervación de la grasa.
- Comprender la interacción entre los nervios sensoriales y la función simpática en el tejido adiposo.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de estrategias virales, genéticas y de imágenes para la manipulación específica de órganos de los nervios sensoriales en ratones.
- Visualización de las proyecciones axonales de DRG a los adipocitos subcutáneos.
- Ablación sensorial selectiva en el tejido adiposo y evaluación de los fenotipos resultantes.
Principales resultados:
- Visualización anatómica establecida de la inervación sensorial en el tejido adiposo.
- La ablación sensorial selectiva mejoró los programas lipogénicos y termogenéticos.
- La ablación sensorial condujo al agrandamiento de las almohadillas de grasa, el aumento de los adipocitos beige y la elevación de la temperatura corporal, dependiendo de la función simpática.
Conclusiones:
- Las neuronas sensoriales en el tejido adiposo actúan como un freno en el sistema simpático.
- La inervación de DRG juega un papel importante en la modulación de la función de los adipocitos y la homeostasis energética.
- Estos hallazgos abren nuevas vías para el estudio de la inervación sensorial en los sistemas interoceptivos.
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