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A Novel Stromal Fibroblast-Modulated 3D Tumor Spheroid Model for Studying Tumor-Stroma Interaction and Drug Discovery
Published on: February 28, 2020
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LRRC15+ los miofibroblastos dictan el punto de ajuste del estroma para suprimir la inmunidad tumoral
Akshay T Krishnamurty1, Justin A Shyer1, Minh Thai1
1Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nature
|September 28, 2022
Resumen
Tratamiento transformador del cáncer: la inhibición de los fibroblastos asociados al cáncer (CAFs) con la proteína 15 rica en leucina (LRRC15) puede mejorar la inmunidad antitumoral y la respuesta a la inmunoterapia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Inmunología
- Biología celular
Sus antecedentes:
- Los estudios de una sola célula revelan miofibroblastos ricos en leucina que contienen proteínas repetidas 15 (LRRC15) + en cánceres humanos y de ratón.
- Los impulsores moleculares y el impacto inmune de los fibroblastos asociados al cáncer LRRC15+ (CAF) siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el desarrollo y la función in vivo de los CAF LRRC15+ en el cáncer de páncreas.
- Determinar el papel de los CAF LRRC15+ en la inmunidad antitumoral y en la respuesta al bloqueo del punto de control inmune.
Principales métodos:
- Usó modelos de ratón de cáncer de páncreas.
- Se utilizó evidencia genética para identificar la señalización del receptor TGFβ tipo 2 como crucial para el desarrollo de los miofibroblastos LRRC15+.
- Desarrolló ratones knock-in del receptor de difteria Lrrc15 para el agotamiento selectivo de CAF.
Principales resultados:
- La señalización del receptor TGFβ tipo 2 en los fibroblastos de dermatopontin+ impulsa el desarrollo de CAF LRRC15+.
- El agotamiento selectivo de los CAF LRRC15+ redujo el contenido de fibroblastos tumorales y desplazó la composición hacia los fibroblastos universales.
- La depleción de CAF mejoró la función del efector de células T CD8+ y aumentó la regresión tumoral con el tratamiento anti-PDL1.
Conclusiones:
- Los CAF LRRC15+ dependientes de TGFβ promueven el crecimiento tumoral suprimiendo las células T CD8+ y limitando la eficacia de la inmunoterapia.
- Dirigirse a los miofibroblastos LRRC15+ ofrece una estrategia potencial para restaurar las poblaciones homeostáticas de fibroblastos y mejorar los resultados de los pacientes con cáncer y la respuesta a la inmunoterapia.
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