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Azoles como auxiliares e intermediarios en la síntesis de nucleósidos prebióticos
Dougal J Ritson1, Mikolaj W Poplawski2, Andrew D Bond2
1MRC - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 17, 2022
Resumen
Este estudio demuestra cómo el 4,5-dicianimidazol puede capturar cianoacetileno, un paso clave en la síntesis de nucleótidos prebióticos. Este avance, junto con una nueva síntesis de 2-aminotiazol, apoya el escenario cianossulfídico para los orígenes de la vida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Astrobiología
- Química orgánica
- El origen de los estudios biológicos
Sus antecedentes:
- Los azoles, específicamente el 4,5-dicianimidazol y el 2-aminotiazol, están implicados en la síntesis de nucleótidos prebióticos.
- El 4,5-Dicyanoimidazol es un subproducto de la síntesis de adenina.
- El 2-aminotiazol ayuda a separar los azúcares C2 y C3 a través de la cristalización.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar sobre la captura y acumulación de cianoacetileno mediante el uso de 4,5-dicianimidazol.
- Presentar el cianoacetileno como un sustituto competente en la síntesis de nucleótidos.
- Para detallar una síntesis prebiótica plausible de 2-aminotiazol y su mecanismo de formación.
Principales métodos:
- Captura del cianoacetileno atmosférico por el 4,5-dicianimidazol, formando el N-cianovinil-4,5-dicianimidazol.
- Reacción del intermediario capturado con la riboaminooxazolina en la formamida.
- Investigación de la síntesis prebiótica y el mecanismo de formación del 2-aminotiazol.
Principales resultados:
- Captura y acumulación exitosas de cianoacetileno, abordando su problema de concentración atmosférica.
- Formación de ribo-anidrocitidina, un intermediario crucial para la síntesis de purina y pirimidina.
- Se logró una síntesis prebióticamente plausible de 2-aminotiazol y se aclaró su mecanismo de formación.
Conclusiones:
- El uso de 4,5-dicianimidazol y 2-aminotiazol mejora la síntesis de ribonucleótidos prebióticos.
- Las síntesis descritas se alinean con el escenario cianossulfídico propuesto anteriormente para el origen de la vida.
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