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Beneficios derivados de la mayor AMP totalmente protegida del mundo

Sarah Medoff¹, John Lynham², Jennifer Raynor³

¹Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 20, 2022

Resumen

Las zonas marinas protegidas pueden beneficiar a los peces migratorios. El Monumento Nacional Marino de Papahānaumokuākea muestra beneficios para las poblaciones de atún de aleta amarilla y de ojos grandes.

Área de la Ciencia:

Conservación del medio marino
Ciencias de la pesca
Ecología

Sus antecedentes:

Las áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) son a menudo demasiado pequeñas para beneficiar a las especies migratorias.
La eficacia de las grandes AMP para las especies migratorias sigue siendo poco estudiada.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar los beneficios derivados del Monumento Nacional Marino de Papahānaumokuākea, la mayor AMP totalmente protegida del mundo.
Determinar si esta gran AMP beneficia a las poblaciones migratorias de atún.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron datos específicos de las especies obtenidos de observadores pesqueros independientes.
Análisis de los cambios en las tasas de captura de los buques cercanos y alejados de la AMP.
Datos comparados antes y después de la expansión de la AMP en 2016.

Principales resultados:

Encontré pruebas de beneficios derivados de la pesca.
Se han observado efectos positivos para el atún de aleta amarilla (Thunnus albacares).
Se han observado efectos positivos para el atún de ojos grandes (Thunnus obesus).

Conclusiones:

Las AMP a gran escala pueden proporcionar un refugio significativo y beneficios indirectos para las especies migratorias.
Papahānaumokuākea demuestra el potencial de las extensas áreas marinas protegidas en la gestión pesquera.
Los resultados apoyan el valor de conservación de las grandes AMP para las especies de atún de importancia comercial.

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