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Hacia una transición baja en carbono en la India
Ranjit Deshmukh1, Sushanta Chatterjee2
1Environmental Studies Program and the Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 10, 2022
Resumen
Las políticas del sector eléctrico deben abordar tanto las emisiones de carbono como las desigualdades sociales. El diseño de estrategias energéticas eficaces requiere un doble enfoque en la sostenibilidad ambiental y resultados equitativos para todas las comunidades.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Política energética
- Justicia medioambiental
- Impacto social de la energía
Sus antecedentes:
- El sector eléctrico es uno de los principales contribuyentes a las emisiones de carbono.
- Las políticas energéticas existentes a menudo pasan por alto o exacerban las desigualdades sociales.
- Se necesita un enfoque integral para una transición energética sostenible y equitativa.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar los objetivos duales de la mitigación del carbono y la reducción de la inequidad en las políticas del sector eléctrico.
- Resaltar la interconexión de los objetivos ambientales y sociales en la planificación energética.
- Abogar por marcos políticos que promuevan la sostenibilidad y la justicia.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo del marco de análisis de políticas.
- Revisión de la normativa vigente en el sector de la electricidad y sus repercusiones.
- Análisis de casos de intervenciones políticas dirigidas a las emisiones y la equidad.
Principales resultados:
- Las políticas centradas únicamente en la mitigación de las emisiones de carbono pueden suponer una carga desproporcionada para las poblaciones vulnerables.
- Las estrategias integradas pueden lograr reducciones significativas de emisiones al tiempo que mejoran el acceso a la energía y su asequibilidad.
- El estudio identifica las palancas políticas clave para abordar tanto las dimensiones medioambientales como las sociales.
Conclusiones:
- Las políticas del sector eléctrico deben diseñarse con un doble mandato para la mitigación de carbono y la reducción de la inequidad.
- El logro de una transición energética justa requiere una consideración explícita de la equidad social junto con los objetivos ambientales.
- El desarrollo de políticas futuras debe dar prioridad a soluciones integradas para un futuro energético sostenible y equitativo.
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