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¿Qué puso en llamas a Siberia?
Gabriela Schaepman-Strub1, Jin-Soo Kim2
1Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 1, 2022
Resumen
Los incendios extremos del Ártico ocurrieron entre 2019 y 2021. Estos eventos fueron impulsados por el cambio de las corrientes de aire y el derretimiento de la nieve más temprano de lo habitual, que impactó en la región del Ártico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente en el Ártico
- Ciencias atmosféricas
- Investigación sobre el cambio climático
Sus antecedentes:
- La región ártica está experimentando rápidos cambios ambientales.
- Los incendios forestales son una perturbación significativa en los ecosistemas del Ártico.
- Comprender las causas de los incendios extremos es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los factores principales que contribuyen a los incendios extremos del Ártico de 2019 a 2021.
- Para analizar el papel de la circulación atmosférica y los patrones de deshielo.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos meteorológicos, incluidos los patrones de las corrientes de aire.
- Examen del tiempo y la extensión del derretimiento de la nieve mediante imágenes satelitales.
- Análisis de la correlación entre las variables climáticas y la aparición de incendios.
Principales resultados:
- Los patrones cambiantes de corriente de aire se identificaron como un factor clave.
- El deshielo temprano aumentó significativamente la disponibilidad de combustible y el riesgo de incendio.
- Se estableció un fuerte vínculo entre estos factores y la actividad de incendios extremos.
Conclusiones:
- Los cambios atmosféricos y criosféricos son críticos para modular los regímenes de fuego del Ártico.
- Los hallazgos ponen de relieve la vulnerabilidad del Ártico a los eventos extremos provocados por el clima.
- El futuro riesgo de incendios en el Ártico puede aumentar debido a los cambios climáticos en curso.
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