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Formación de estados enlazados robustos de fotones de microondas que interactúan
A Morvan1, T I Andersen1, X Mi1
1Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Nature
|December 8, 2022
Resumen
Los investigadores demuestran estados estables y multipartículas de fotones que interactúan en un circuito cuántico. Este hallazgo desafía las teorías existentes sobre la estabilidad del estado ligado en sistemas no integrables.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La física cuántica
- Física de la materia condensada
- Ciencias de la información cuántica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas de partículas correlacionadas presentan desafíos computacionales significativos debido a las interdependencias complejas.
- La comprensión de sistemas fuertemente correlacionados disminuye con el aumento del número de partículas o la fuerza de interacción.
- Los estados unidos de partículas múltiples son una característica clave de los sistemas en interacción.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar experimentalmente los estados de unión de partículas múltiples en una simulación cuántica del modelo de espín-1⁄2 XXZ.
- Explorar la estabilidad de estos estados ligados bajo condiciones que rompen la integrabilidad.
- Desarrollar nuevos métodos para la caracterización de espectros de pocos cuerpos y propiedades de estado ligado.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo e implementación de una puerta fSim parametrizable de alta fidelidad para qubits superconductores.
- Construcción de un circuito cuántico periódico que simule el modelo de spin-1⁄2 XXZ con 24 qubits.
- Utilizando un método sensible a la fase y el flujo sintético para analizar espectros de pocos cuerpos y pseudo-carga.
- Introducir interacciones para romper la integrabilidad y observar la resiliencia de los estados atados.
Principales resultados:
- Observación de estados limitados de excitaciones que se propagan en el circuito cuántico, que persisten hasta cinco fotones.
- Construcción exitosa del espectro de unos cuantos cuerpos y extracción de la pseudo-carga en estado unido.
- Resiliencia inesperada de los estados atados a la ruptura de integrabilidad, incluso cuando se superponen con el espectro continuo.
- Pruebas experimentales de la existencia y estabilidad de estados unidos de fotones que interactúan.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio proporciona la primera evidencia experimental de los estados unidos de fotones que interactúan.
- Los estados limitados en esta simulación cuántica exhiben una notable estabilidad más allá del límite de integrabilidad.
- Estos hallazgos desafían la comprensión convencional de la estabilidad del estado ligado en sistemas cuánticos no integrables.
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