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La red magmática debajo de Hawai

John D Wilding¹, Weiqiang Zhu¹, Zachary E Ross¹

¹Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 22, 2022

Resumen

Los científicos descubrieron un profundo sistema de magma debajo de Hawai usando avanzado monitoreo de terremotos. Este complejo del umbral del manto actúa como un nexo crucial, conectando fuentes profundas de magma con volcanes como Kīlauea y Mauna Loa.

Área de la Ciencia:

La geofísica
Volcanología
Sismología

Sus antecedentes:

Comprender el transporte de magma profundo es clave para descifrar la dinámica del sistema volcánico hawaiano.
El colapso de la caldera de Kīlauea en 2018 precedió a un aumento significativo en la actividad sísmica del manto.

Objetivo del estudio:

Imagen y caracterización de las estructuras magmáticas profundas debajo del sistema volcánico hawaiano.
Para investigar la conexión entre los terremotos del manto y las tuberías volcánicas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó técnicas avanzadas de monitoreo de terremotos.
Aplicó algoritmos de aprendizaje profundo para analizar un gran conjunto de datos sísmicos (casi 200.000 eventos).
Actividad sísmica mapeada para resolver las estructuras subterráneas.

Principales resultados:

Identificó un complejo de umbral casi horizontal de 15 km de largo a profundidades de 36-43 km.
Reveló un cinturón de sismicidad de 25 km de largo que conecta el complejo del umbral con la tubería más profunda de Kīlauea.
Se ha observado una columna de sismicidad que une el complejo del umbral con un desprendimiento poco profundo cerca de Mauna Loa.

Conclusiones:

El complejo del umbral del manto sirve como un nexo crítico para el transporte de magma debajo de Hawai.
Demostró una amplia conectividad magmática dentro del sistema volcánico hawaiano.
Destacó la utilidad del aprendizaje profundo en imágenes sísmicas para comprender la arquitectura volcánica.

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