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Señales del envejecimiento: un universo en expansión
Carlos López-Otín1, Maria A Blasco2, Linda Partridge3
1Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
Cell
|January 4, 2023
Resumen
El envejecimiento es impulsado por doce características clave, incluyendo la inestabilidad genómica y la senescencia celular. Dirigirse a estas características ofrece posibles intervenciones terapéuticas para retrasar o revertir el proceso de envejecimiento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología y biología celular.
- Mecanismos moleculares del envejecimiento.
Sus antecedentes:
- El envejecimiento es un proceso biológico complejo.
- Las señales distintivas del envejecimiento son factores clave del deterioro relacionado con la edad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para definir y proponer doce características interconectadas del envejecimiento.
- Establecer criterios para identificar las características del envejecimiento.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura y consenso de los expertos.
- Análisis de las manifestaciones asociadas a la edad y intervenciones experimentales.
Principales resultados:
- Identificación de doce señales distintivas: inestabilidad genómica, desgaste de los telómeros, alteraciones epigenéticas, pérdida de la proteostasis, desactivación de la macroautofagia, desregulación de la detección de nutrientes, disfunción mitocondrial, senescencia celular, agotamiento de las células madre, comunicación intercelular alterada, inflamación crónica y disbiosis.
- Estas características están interconectadas y vinculadas a las características de la salud.
Conclusiones:
- Las doce características propuestas proporcionan un marco para la comprensión del envejecimiento.
- Las intervenciones terapéuticas dirigidas a estas características pueden desacelerar o revertir el envejecimiento.
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