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Trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco.
JAMA
|January 10, 2023
Resumen
El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) afecta a más del 2% de los niños y adultos estadounidenses. Las intervenciones conductuales tempranas y los tratamientos dirigidos para las afecciones que ocurren al mismo tiempo mejoran los resultados para las personas con TEA.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Trastornos del desarrollo neurológico
- Salud pediátrica
- La psiquiatría
Sus antecedentes:
- El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es un trastorno del desarrollo neurológico que afecta la comunicación social y el comportamiento.
- La prevalencia en los Estados Unidos ha aumentado, con aproximadamente el 2,3% de los niños de 8 años y el 2,2% de los adultos afectados.
- Los primeros signos en los niños incluyen falta de respuesta al nombre, gestos limitados y falta de juego imaginativo.
Conclusiones:
- El diagnóstico de TEA se basa en la observación del comportamiento y las entrevistas con los cuidadores.
- El tratamiento de primera línea implica intervenciones conductuales.
- Los medicamentos pueden controlar las afecciones que ocurren al mismo tiempo, pero conllevan efectos adversos potenciales.
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