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La señalización Dome1-JAK-STAT entre parásito y huésped integra la inmunidad y el desarrollo del vector
Vipin S Rana1, Chrysoula Kitsou1, Shraboni Dutta1
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 12, 2023
Resumen
Las garrapatas utilizan una vía de comunicación única entre especies, aprovechando el interferón gamma de mamíferos (IFN-γ) para activar su propia señalización JAK-STAT. Esto mejora el desarrollo y la inmunidad de las garrapatas, lo que demuestra una dependencia evolutiva de las interacciones del huésped.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva
- Señales moleculares
- Parasitología
- Inmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las vías de señalización ancestrales son cruciales para el desarrollo, la fisiología y la inmunidad de los metazoos.
- Los mecanismos de comunicación entre especies son vitales para comprender las interacciones huésped-parásito.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la vía de comunicación interespecífica evolutiva que involucra el receptor de garrapatas de Ixodes scapularis Dome1.
- Aclarar el papel del interferón gamma derivado del huésped (IFN-γ) en el desarrollo y la inmunidad de las garrapatas.
- Comprender el impacto de la vía Dome1-JAK-STAT en la competencia vectorial de Ixodes.
Principales métodos:
- Identificación y caracterización del receptor Dome1 de Ixodes scapularis.
- Análisis de la interacción de Dome1 con el interferón gamma de los mamíferos (IFN-γ).
- Investigación de la activación de la vía JAK-STAT en garrapatas.
- Examen del papel de la vía Dome1-JAK-STAT en la regeneración celular, la metamorfosis y la inmunidad de las garrapatas.
Principales resultados:
- El receptor de garrapatas de Ixodes scapularis Dome1 adquirió un motivo de receptor de citoquinas de mamíferos con una alta afinidad por el IFN-γ.
- El IFN-γ derivado del huésped activa la vía JAK-STAT de Ixodes a través de Dome1, acelerando la adquisición y el desarrollo de la harina sanguínea.
- La vía Dome1-JAK-STAT regula la proliferación celular intestinal, la metamorfosis (a través de las redes Hedgehog y Notch-Delta) y los componentes antimicrobianos, lo que influye en la competencia vectorial.
Conclusiones:
- Existe una vía de señalización entre especies donde las garrapatas utilizan el IFN-γ del huésped para activar su vía interna JAK-STAT.
- Esta vía se conserva en la mayoría de las garrapatas Ixodid y es esencial para su desarrollo, inmunidad y metamorfosis.
- Ixodes scapularis exhibe una dependencia evolutiva de los huéspedes mamíferos, mediada por la señalización entre especies que afecta la inmunidad y el desarrollo de los artrópodos.
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