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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.
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Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
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Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
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Updated: Aug 12, 2025

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Los impactos humanos superan a los procesos naturales en el Amazonas

James S Albert1, Ana C Carnaval2, Suzette G A Flantua3

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 26, 2023
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La selva amazónica se enfrenta a una degradación sin precedentes por las actividades industriales y el cambio climático, que amenaza la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos. La acción política inmediata es crucial para prevenir la pérdida irreversible de bosques y proteger la biosfera global.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias del medio ambiente
  • Ecología
  • Biología de la conservación

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los ambientes amazónicos están experimentando una rápida degradación debido a la expansión industrial y agrícola.
  • Esta degradación amenaza la inmensa biodiversidad de la región y los servicios críticos de los ecosistemas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para resaltar las amenazas urgentes para el ecosistema amazónico.
  • Hacer hincapié en la necesidad de intervenciones políticas inmediatas y voluntad política.

Principales métodos:

  • Este estudio es una síntesis de los conocimientos actuales sobre las amenazas ambientales de la Amazonía.
  • Analiza los principales impulsores de la deforestación y los impactos del cambio climático.

Principales resultados:

  • El Amazonas corre el riesgo de una rápida transición de bosques a paisajes no forestales.
  • Los cambios actuales exceden la capacidad de adaptación de las especies, los pueblos y los ecosistemas.

Conclusiones:

  • Existen políticas conocidas para mitigar estas amenazas y deben aplicarse con urgencia.
  • La falta de acción decisiva pone en peligro el Amazonas y la biosfera global.