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Comercialización de fórmulas lácteas comerciales: un sistema para captar a los padres, las comunidades, la ciencia y
Nigel Rollins1, Ellen Piwoz2, Phillip Baker3
1Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 10, 2023
Resumen
La comercialización de leche de fórmula socava la lactancia materna en todo el mundo. Las estrategias agresivas, amplificadas por las plataformas digitales, promueven la fórmula como una solución sin evidencia, lo que requiere cambios de política y transparencia de la industria para apoyar la salud infantil.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública y nutrición
- Política de salud mundial
- El comportamiento del consumidor y el marketing
Sus antecedentes:
- Las tasas mundiales de lactancia materna siguen siendo inferiores a las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).
- Las ventas de leche de fórmula comercial (CMF) han aumentado a aproximadamente US $ 55 mil millones al año, lo que indica un mayor uso de fórmula entre los bebés y los niños pequeños.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar las estrategias de comercialización empleadas por la industria comercial de la leche en fórmula.
- Investigar la influencia de la comercialización de CMF en las familias, los profesionales de la salud, la investigación científica y el desarrollo de políticas.
- Identificar las intervenciones necesarias para crear un entorno propicio para la lactancia materna.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de las encuestas nacionales y los informes de las empresas.
- Incluir estudios de caso y revisiones metodológicas de alcance.
- Utilización de los resultados de dos estudios de investigación en varios países.
Principales resultados:
- Las ventas de CMF son impulsadas por campañas de marketing extensas y bien financiadas.
- La comercialización a menudo presenta la FMC como una solución para los desafíos de salud y desarrollo infantil, que carece de pruebas sustanciales y socava la lactancia materna.
- Las plataformas digitales amplían significativamente el alcance de la comercialización, eludiendo las regulaciones existentes como el Código Internacional de Comercialización de Sustitutos de la Leche Materna.
Conclusiones:
- Para poner fin al impacto perjudicial de la comercialización de CMF se requiere un mayor compromiso político, una mayor inversión financiera y una mayor transparencia de la industria.
- La promoción sostenida y las intervenciones políticas sólidas son cruciales para proteger y promover la lactancia materna.
- Se propone un convenio marco mundial sobre la comercialización de alimentos para lactantes y niños para frenar la promoción dañina de la CMF.
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