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Moléculas orgánicas solubles en muestras del asteroide carbonoso (162173) Ryugu

Hiroshi Naraoka¹, Yoshinori Takano², Jason P Dworkin³

¹Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 23, 2023

Resumen

La misión Hayabusa2 devolvió muestras de asteroides Ryugu que contienen diversas moléculas orgánicas abióticas. Estos hallazgos revelan los primeros procesos químicos del Sistema Solar y los compuestos orgánicos entregados por los asteroides a la Tierra.

Área de la Ciencia:

Cosmoquímica
Astrobiología
Ciencias planetarias

Sus antecedentes:

La misión Hayabusa2 recuperó con éxito muestras del asteroide (162173) Ryugu.
Las muestras de asteroides son cruciales para comprender la composición temprana del Sistema Solar y la química prebiótica.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para analizar las moléculas orgánicas presentes en las muestras de superficie de Ryugu.
Determinar el origen y la importancia de estos compuestos orgánicos para los primeros procesos del Sistema Solar.

Principales métodos:

Extracción y análisis de moléculas orgánicas de muestras de Ryugu.
Identificación de las estructuras moleculares y la composición elemental (CHNOPS).
Comparación con compuestos orgánicos conocidos en meteoritos y modelos teóricos.

Principales resultados:

Detección de diversas moléculas orgánicas, incluidos aminoácidos, aminas, ácidos carboxílicos, HAP y heterociclos N.
Identificación de compuestos que contienen CHNOPS formados por metilación, hidratación, hidroxilación y sulfurización.
Origen abiótico consistente con reacciones acuosas en el cuerpo de Ryugu.

Conclusiones:

Las muestras de Ryugu contienen un rico inventario de moléculas orgánicas prebióticas.
Estas moléculas probablemente se formaron a través de procesos acuosos en el cuerpo progenitor del asteroide.
Las sustancias orgánicas de la superficie de los asteroides son estables y potencialmente significativas para la siembra de la Tierra temprana.

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