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Biosíntesis dirigida de los estereoisómeros de la mitragina

Carsten Schotte¹, Yindi Jiang¹, Dagny Grzech¹

¹Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|March 8, 2023

Resumen

Los investigadores descubrieron la vía biosintética para la mitraginina, un compuesto clave en el kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). Este descubrimiento permite la producción enzimática de alcaloides de kratom y sus análogos para posibles aplicaciones terapéuticas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biosíntesis de productos naturales
Química medicinal
Farmacología

Sus antecedentes:

Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) se utiliza tradicionalmente para el alivio del dolor y el tratamiento de la dependencia de opiáceos.
Los efectos del kratom se atribuyen a los alcaloides indólicos monoterpenos, principalmente la mitraginina.
Las vías de biosíntesis de estos alcaloides clave permanecen en gran medida sin aclarar.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para aclarar las etapas centrales de la biosíntesis de la mitraginina y de los andamios alcalóides del tipo corinante.
Para entender el mecanismo de formación de centros estereogénicos en estos andamios alcaloides.
Para permitir la producción enzimática de mitraginina, especiaginina y nuevos análogos fluorados.

Principales métodos:

Investigó el mecanismo enzimático responsable de la formación del andamio alcaloide central.
Se utilizaron estudios mecanicistas para determinar la base de la generación de centros estereoscópicos clave.
Se utiliza la síntesis enzimática para la producción de alcaloides objetivo y análogos.

Principales resultados:

Se han identificado los principales pasos de biosíntesis en la formación del andamio de la mitraginina.
Elucidó el mecanismo que rige la creación del crucial centro estereogénico.
Se logró con éxito la producción enzimática de mitraginina, specioginina y derivados fluorados.

Conclusiones:

El estudio revela conocimientos críticos sobre la biosíntesis de los alcaloides de tipo corinante.
La comprensión de estas vías facilita el desarrollo de nuevas rutas sintéticas.
La producción enzimática ofrece un método sostenible para generar alcaloides de kratom y análogos para la investigación.

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