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La esquizofrenia es un factor clave en las muertes por calor
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 17, 2023
Resumen
Las personas con enfermedades mentales enfrentaron el triple de riesgo de muerte durante la ola de calor de 2021. Esto pone de relieve la vulnerabilidad de esta población a los eventos de calor extremo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud del medio ambiente
- La psiquiatría
- Epidemiología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los eventos de calor extremo suponen riesgos significativos para la salud pública.
- Las personas con enfermedades mentales pueden verse desproporcionadamente afectadas por los factores estresantes relacionados con el calor.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la enfermedad mental y el riesgo de mortalidad durante una ola de calor severa.
- Cuantificar el exceso de riesgo de muerte para las personas con enfermedades mentales durante el calor extremo.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño del estudio de cohorte retrospectivo.
- Se utilizaron registros de salud y datos meteorológicos del período de ola de calor de 2021.
- Análisis estadístico para comparar las tasas de mortalidad entre individuos con y sin enfermedad mental.
Principales resultados:
- La enfermedad mental se asoció con un aumento de tres veces en el riesgo de muerte durante la ola de calor de 2021.
- El riesgo de mortalidad excesiva fue significativo en varios grupos demográficos.
- Las condiciones específicas de salud mental pueden conferir un mayor riesgo.
Conclusiones:
- La enfermedad mental es un factor de riesgo crítico para la mortalidad durante eventos de calor extremo.
- Las intervenciones de salud pública deben dar prioridad a las poblaciones vulnerables, incluidas las personas con enfermedades mentales, durante las olas de calor.
- Se necesita más investigación para comprender los mecanismos subyacentes a este mayor riesgo.
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