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Evaluación de los programas de viabilidad de divulgación comunitaria sobre la mejora del comportamiento preventivo y
Vikram Niranjan1, Patricia Fitzpatrick1, Rachel Morrogh2
1UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 17, 2023
Resumen
La Sociedad Irlandesa del Cáncer
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Prevención del cáncer
- Promoción de la salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 interrumpió los servicios de cáncer, lo que podría retrasar la detección y el diagnóstico tempranos.
- La Sociedad Irlandesa del Cáncer (ICS, por sus siglas en inglés) inició una campaña de divulgación en la comunidad para abordar estos impactos.
- Se llevaron a cabo eventos en áreas desfavorecidas para promover la concienciación y el cribado del cáncer.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la viabilidad y el impacto de los roadshows comunitarios sobre el cáncer.
- Educar al público sobre los signos, síntomas y factores de riesgo del cáncer.
- Para fomentar comportamientos saludables y cambios en el estilo de vida.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo siete eventos itinerantes sobre el cáncer en centros comerciales de cuatro regiones desfavorecidas de Irlanda.
- Se proporcionaron controles de salud (presión arterial, IMC, monitoreo de CO2), información de salud y entrevistas motivacionales.
- Los cuestionarios anónimos recopilaron datos de participantes y voluntarios, analizados utilizando SPSS.
Principales resultados:
- 98 adultos participaron, el 88% encontró la información útil y el 85% aprobó los controles de salud.
- Se observaron aumentos significativos en la comprensión de los signos/ síntomas del cáncer (62% a 82%) y los factores de riesgo (49% a 61%).
- El 78% probablemente consultaría a un médico de cabecera si tuviera síntomas; el 99% de los participantes y el 95% de los voluntarios recomendaron un despliegue a nivel nacional.
Conclusiones:
- Los programas de divulgación comunitaria como estos roadshows contra el cáncer son factibles y aceptables.
- Estos eventos pueden mejorar el conocimiento público sobre la prevención y la detección temprana del cáncer.
- Se requiere un seguimiento a largo plazo para determinar la eficacia del comportamiento preventivo y la relación coste-eficacia.
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