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Desigualdades en la salud, minorías étnicas y COVID19: taller de teatro interactivo basado en un estudio cualitativo
Anna Dowrick1, Tanvi Rai1, Lisa Hinton2
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 17, 2023
Resumen
La pandemia de COVID-19 puso de relieve las desigualdades de salud que enfrentan los grupos étnicos minoritarios en el Reino Unido. Se están utilizando talleres de teatro interactivos para abordar el racismo y mejorar los mensajes de salud pública para estas comunidades.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Equidad en salud
- Sociología de la salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbó las desigualdades de salud existentes en el Reino Unido.
- El racismo institucional y los mensajes de salud pública defectuosos afectaron desproporcionadamente a los grupos étnicos minoritarios.
- Necesidad urgente de abordar las disparidades de salud basadas en la etnia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar las desigualdades de salud basadas en la etnia durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
- Desarrollar soluciones prácticas a través del teatro interactivo y el diálogo sobre salud pública.
- Refinar las estrategias de salud pública para las poblaciones étnicas minoritarias.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron entrevistas narrativas con 70 adultos (45 de origen étnico minoritario) que tenían COVID-19.
- Utilizó el análisis temático de los datos de las entrevistas para identificar los temas clave.
- Desarrolló un escenario de teatro interactivo de 45 minutos basado en las experiencias de los participantes.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron cinco temas clave: desventajas raciales en la exposición, acceso desigual a la atención, temores del sistema de salud, culpabilidad en los mensajes de salud pública y aumento del racismo.
- El escenario interactivo puso de relieve el impacto de estos temas en las comunidades étnicas minoritarias.
- El taller facilitó el debate entre los actores y los profesionales de la salud pública.
Conclusiones:
- Los mensajes de salud pública y la atención a los grupos étnicos minoritarios requieren una reevaluación urgente.
- El teatro interactivo ofrece una plataforma para la reflexión y el desarrollo de intervenciones específicas.
- Se necesita una mayor difusión del contenido de los talleres para perfeccionar las estrategias de equidad en salud.
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