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La evolución de la versatilidad locomotora de los homínidos: evidencia de Moroto, un sitio de 21 Ma en Uganda
Laura M MacLatchy1,2, Susanne M Cote3, Alan L Deino4
1Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 13, 2023
Resumen
Los orígenes homínidos de la locomoción versátil pueden provenir de comer hojas en bosques abiertos, no en bosques. Esto desafía la hipótesis de comer frutas, sugiriendo adaptación a ambientes africanos más secos hace 21 millones de años.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoantropología
- La evolución de los primates
- Paleontología africana
Sus antecedentes:
- Los homínidos vivos muestran torsos verticales y locomoción versátil.
- Se supone que estos rasgos han evolucionado para la frugalidad arbórea en entornos forestales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los orígenes evolutivos de los rasgos adaptativos de los homínidos.
- Analice el paleoambiente y los fósiles de homínidos del sitio Moroto II en Uganda.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las proxies paleoambientales.
- Examen de fósiles de homínidos, incluido el postcráneo, del sitio Moroto II.
- La datación radiométrica para establecer la edad del fósil.
Principales resultados:
- El sitio de Moroto II data de hace 21 millones de años, lo que indica bosques estacionalmente secos con pastos C4 tempranos.
- Los fósiles del hominoide Morotopithecus indican el consumo de vegetación bajo estrés hídrico.
- Los restos postcraneales sugieren adaptaciones locomotoras similares a las de los simios.
Conclusiones:
- La versatilidad locomotora de los homínidos probablemente se originó al alimentarse de hojas en bosques abiertos y heterogéneos.
- Esto desafía la hipótesis tradicional que vincula los orígenes de los homínidos con el frugivorio basado en el bosque.
- Las primeras adaptaciones hominoides fueron influenciadas por ambientes africanos estacionalmente secos.
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