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Neurociencia del cáncer: el estado del campo, las direcciones emergentes
Frank Winkler1, Humsa S Venkatesh2, Moran Amit3
1Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Cell
|April 14, 2023
Resumen
El sistema nervioso influye en el desarrollo y la progresión del cáncer a través de interacciones directas e indirectas. Comprender estos vínculos de la neurociencia del cáncer ofrece una nueva vía terapéutica para las neoplasias malignas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- En el campo de la oncología
- Biología del cáncer
Sus antecedentes:
- El sistema nervioso regula el desarrollo, la homeostasis y la plasticidad.
- La evidencia emergente destaca el papel del sistema nervioso en la regulación del cáncer.
- Las interacciones neuronales influyen en varios aspectos de la malignidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar las múltiples funciones del sistema nervioso en el cáncer.
- Para aclarar los mecanismos de comunicación entre el sistema nervioso y el cáncer.
- Evaluar el potencial terapéutico de dirigirse a estas interacciones.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de los descubrimientos fundamentales en neurociencia y oncología.
- Análisis de la comunicación directa neuronal con las células cancerosas (paracrina, electroquímica).
- Examen de la modulación neuronal indirecta del microambiente tumoral (células estomales inmunes).
Principales resultados:
- Las interacciones entre el sistema nervioso y el cáncer afectan la oncogénesis, el crecimiento tumoral, la invasión y la metástasis.
- Las vías neuronales influyen en la resistencia al tratamiento y en la inflamación que promueve el tumor.
- La señalización neuronal puede afectar las respuestas inmunes contra el cáncer.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema nervioso es un regulador crítico del cáncer a través de múltiples características.
- La neurociencia del cáncer presenta un nuevo y prometedor pilar para futuras terapias contra el cáncer.
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