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La orientación restringida del adsorbado C2 permite la electrorreducción de CO a acetato

Jian Jin1,2, Joshua Wicks3, Qiuhong Min1

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|May 3, 2023
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Resumen

Este estudio desarrolló un catalizador de cobre y plata altamente selectivo para convertir el monóxido de carbono en acetato, un intermediario químico clave. Este avance mejora la eficiencia energética y la separación posterior en la fabricación de productos químicos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La electroquímica
  • Catálisis
  • Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

  • La reducción electroquímica de dióxido de carbono y monóxido de carbono ofrece vías para descarbonizar la fabricación química utilizando electricidad baja en carbono.
  • El cobre (Cu) se utiliza para el acoplamiento carbono-carbono, produciendo múltiples productos químicos C2+, pero lograr la selectividad para un solo producto sigue siendo un desafío.
  • El acetato es un compuesto C2 relevante para el mercado del ácido acético.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar catalizadores altamente selectivos para la electrosíntesis de acetato a partir del monóxido de carbono.
  • Para investigar la estabilización de los intermediarios de ceteno mediante la dispersión de átomos de metal diluidos.
  • Mejorar la selectividad de un solo producto de C2+ en las transformaciones electroquímicas.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de materiales diluidos de aleación de cobre-en-plata (Cu-en-Ag) con aproximadamente 1 por ciento atómico de Cu.
  • Electrosíntesis de acetato a partir del monóxido de carbono (CO) a una alta cobertura de CO y a una presión de 10 atm.
  • Espectroscopia de absorción de rayos X operando para identificar los sitios activos generados in situ.

Principales resultados:

  • Las aleaciones de Cu-en-Ag demuestran una alta selectividad para la electrosíntesis de acetato.
  • Se identificaron como sitios activos grupos de Cu generados in situ de < 4 átomos.
  • Se logró una relación de selectividad de 12:1 para el acetato sobre otros productos, una mejora significativa.
  • Se informó una eficiencia Faradaic de CO-acetato del 91% y 85% durante 820 horas de funcionamiento.

Conclusiones:

  • Las aleaciones diluidas de Cu-Ag permiten una electrosíntesis de acetato altamente selectiva mediante la estabilización de los intermedios ceténicos.
  • El diseño del catalizador y la ingeniería del reactor lograron una alta eficiencia y estabilidad a largo plazo.
  • La maximización de la eficiencia Faradaic hacia productos de C2+ es crucial para la eficiencia energética y la separación en procesos electroquímicos.