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El abandono de Mpox y el nicho de la viruela: un problema para África, un problema para el mundo
Ifedayo Adetifa1, Jean-Jacques Muyembe2, Daniel G Bausch3
1Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 5, 2023
Resumen
La Mpox, anteriormente conocida como viruela del mono, es una enfermedad viral endémica de África. El brote global de 2022 destacó el abandono histórico de la mpox en África, lo que pone en riesgo las consecuencias a largo plazo y un posible reemplazo de nicho para la viruela.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Mpox (anteriormente monkeypox) es una enfermedad viral zoonótica históricamente endémica de partes de África.
- El brote global de 2022 atrajo la atención internacional sobre el mpox, centrándose principalmente en los países de altos ingresos fuera de África.
- A pesar del enfoque global, el mpox ha sido endémico en África durante décadas, con sus consecuencias a largo plazo y su potencial para llenar el nicho de erradicación de la viruela en gran medida sin abordar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar el abandono histórico de la mpox en las regiones endémicas de África.
- Para subrayar las posibles consecuencias a largo plazo de esta negligencia, en particular con respecto al riesgo de que la viruela sustituya a la viruela.
- Abogar por una mayor atención y recursos para el mpox en África.
Principales métodos:
- Este estudio es una revisión y un análisis del contexto histórico y la respuesta global actual a la mpox.
- Sintetiza información sobre la epidemiología de la mpox en África frente al reciente brote mundial.
- Examina críticamente las implicaciones para la salud pública y los posibles riesgos futuros.
Principales resultados:
- El brote mundial de mpox de 2022 ha centrado desproporcionadamente la atención en las regiones no endémicas.
- Existe una disparidad significativa en el enfoque de la investigación y la salud pública entre el mpox en África y el mpox en países no endémicos.
- No se ha considerado adecuadamente la posibilidad de que el mpox ocupe el nicho ecológico dejado por la erradicación de la viruela.
Conclusiones:
- El abandono histórico del mpox en África es un problema crítico con importantes implicaciones para la salud pública.
- La negligencia continua corre el riesgo de exacerbar la carga de la enfermedad en las regiones endémicas y de alterar potencialmente el panorama mundial de la mpox.
- Abordar la negligencia histórica y centrarse en las regiones endémicas es crucial para una gestión y prevención efectivas de la mpox a nivel mundial.
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