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Refrigerators and Heat Pumps01:07

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps

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Refrigerators or heat pumps are heat engines operating in a reverse direction. For a refrigerator, the focus is on removing heat from a specific area, whereas, for a heat pump, the focus is on dumping heat into one particular area. A refrigerator (or heat pump) absorbs heat Qc from the cold reservoir at Kelvin temperature Tc and discards heat Qh to the hot reservoir at Kelvin temperature Th, while work W is done on the engine’s working substance.
A household refrigerator removes heat from...
2.3K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

3.3K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
3.3K
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

1.3K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

4.4K
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

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Sistema de refrigeración elastocalórica multimodo de alto rendimiento

Suxin Qian1,2, David Catalini2, Jan Muehlbauer2

  • 1Department of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 18, 2023
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores desarrollaron un sistema de refrigeración elastocalórica de alto rendimiento utilizando tubos de nitinol resistentes a la fatiga. Esta tecnología innovadora ofrece una potencia de refrigeración y un rango de temperatura significativos, allanando el camino para la comercialización de soluciones de refrigeración avanzadas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • La termodinámica
  • Energía sostenible

Sus antecedentes:

  • El cambio climático global requiere el desarrollo de refrigerantes con potencial de calentamiento global cero.
  • Las técnicas de enfriamiento calórico ofrecen una alta eficiencia, pero se enfrentan a desafíos para escalar a aplicaciones prácticas.
  • La refrigeración elastocalórica es una tecnología incipiente con potencial para soluciones de refrigeración sostenibles.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar y evaluar un sistema de refrigeración elastocalórica de alto rendimiento.
  • Demostrar la viabilidad del uso de tubos de nitinol resistentes a la fatiga en una nueva arquitectura de intercambio de calor.
  • Evaluar el potencial de comercialización del enfriamiento elastocalórico.

Principales métodos:

  • Fabricación de un sistema de refrigeración que utiliza tubos de nitinol elastocalórico (NiTi) resistentes a la fatiga.
  • Implementación de una arquitectura versátil de intercambio de calor multimodo.
  • Pruebas experimentales para determinar la potencia de refrigeración y el intervalo de temperatura.

Principales resultados:

  • Alcanzó una potencia de refrigeración máxima de 260 vatios.
  • Demostró un rango de temperatura máximo de 22,5 grados Kelvin.
  • Las métricas de rendimiento reportadas se encuentran entre las más altas para los sistemas de refrigeración calórica.

Conclusiones:

  • El sistema de refrigeración elastocalórica desarrollado presenta un alto rendimiento, mostrando un poder de refrigeración y un rango de temperatura significativos.
  • El uso de tubos de NiTi resistentes a la fatiga en un intercambiador de calor multimodo es clave para lograr estos resultados.
  • La refrigeración elastocalórica presenta una vía prometedora para la comercialización de tecnologías de refrigeración avanzadas y sostenibles.