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Caracterización de un solo átomo utilizando rayos X sincrotrón

Tolulope M Ajayi1,2, Nozomi Shirato1, Tomas Rojas3,4

  • 1Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.

Nature
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Los investigadores demuestran el uso de rayos X para analizar átomos individuales, detectando estados elementales y químicos. Este avance permite la caracterización de materiales a nivel atómico, lo que hace avanzar la ciencia de rayos X y las aplicaciones de túnel cuántico.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física atómica
  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Química Cuántica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La caracterización de rayos X tradicionalmente requiere numerosos átomos, lo que limita el análisis de pequeñas cantidades.
  • La reducción de los requisitos de material para el análisis de rayos X es un desafío importante en la ciencia de los materiales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar la caracterización de rayos X de los átomos individuales.
  • Para lograr el análisis del estado elemental y químico a nivel de un solo átomo.
  • Para conectar los rayos X del sincrotrón con el túnel cuántico para un análisis avanzado del material.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó una punta especializada como detector de corrientes excitadas por rayos X.
  • Se detectaron señales de átomos de hierro y terbio coordinados con ligandos orgánicos.
  • Espectros de absorción de rayos X analizados, incluidos los bordes de absorción L$_{2,3}$ y M$_{4,5}$.

Principales resultados:

  • Claramente se han observado huellas digitales de un solo átomo en los espectros de absorción de rayos X.
  • Los estados elementales y químicos caracterizados de los átomos individuales de hierro y terbio.
  • Se confirmó la detección atómica localizada a través del túnel de resonancia excitado por rayos X (X-ERT) en el régimen de túnel cuántico.

Conclusiones:

  • Estableció un método para la caracterización de rayos X de un solo átomo.
  • Los rayos X sincrotrones conectados con el túnel cuántico para el análisis de materiales sin precedentes.
  • Abrió el camino para la caracterización elemental y química simultánea en el límite de un solo átomo.