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Examen de detección de trastornos de ansiedad en adultos: Declaración de recomendación del grupo de trabajo de
, Michael J Barry1, Wanda K Nicholson2
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|June 20, 2023
Resumen
Se recomienda la detección de trastornos de ansiedad en adultos, incluidas las personas embarazadas y posparto, debido a los beneficios moderados. La evidencia es insuficiente para los adultos mayores, lo que requiere más investigación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina de prevención de la enfermedad
- Evaluación de la salud mental
- Iniciativas de salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Los trastornos de ansiedad son frecuentes, pero con frecuencia se pasan por alto en la atención primaria, lo que lleva a retrasos en el tratamiento.
- La identificación temprana y la intervención son cruciales para el manejo eficaz de los trastornos de ansiedad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar los beneficios y los daños de la detección de trastornos de ansiedad en adultos asintomáticos.
- Informar las pautas de práctica clínica con respecto a la detección de trastornos de ansiedad.
Principales métodos:
- El Grupo de Trabajo de Servicios Preventivos de los Estados Unidos (USPSTF) encargó una revisión sistemática.
- La revisión se centró en adultos asintomáticos de 19 años o más, incluidas las personas embarazadas y posparto.
Principales resultados:
- La detección de trastornos de ansiedad en adultos muestra un beneficio neto moderado.
- La evidencia es insuficiente para determinar los beneficios y los daños del cribado en adultos mayores (65+).
Conclusiones:
- El USPSTF recomienda la detección de trastornos de ansiedad en adultos, incluidas las personas embarazadas y posparto (recomendación B).
- La evidencia actual es insuficiente para evaluar el cribado de trastornos de ansiedad en adultos mayores (declaración I).
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