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Desechos plásticos en lagos y embalses
Veronica Nava1, Sudeep Chandra2,3, Julian Aherne4
1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. veronica.nava@unimib.it.
Nature
|July 12, 2023
Resumen
La contaminación plástica se encuentra en todos los lagos y embalses de agua dulce estudiados a nivel mundial. Las zonas densamente pobladas y los grandes lagos con largos tiempos de retención de agua son los más vulnerables a la contaminación por plástico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Ecología
- Limnología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los desechos plásticos son un contaminante generalizado en los ecosistemas de agua dulce.
- La evaluación de la distribución del plástico es difícil debido a la escasez de datos comparables.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Realizar un estudio transnacional estandarizado de los desechos plásticos en los ecosistemas de agua dulce.
- Identificar los factores que influyen en la contaminación por plástico en lagos y embalses.
Principales métodos:
- Una encuesta estandarizada de aguas superficiales en 38 lagos y embalses a través de diversos gradientes geográficos y limnológicos.
- Evaluación de la abundancia y el tipo de residuos plásticos (>250 μm).
Principales resultados:
- Se detectaron residuos plásticos en todos los lagos y embalses estudiados.
- Los ecosistemas vulnerables incluyen aquellos en áreas urbanizadas y grandes lagos con alta influencia antropogénica y largos tiempos de retención de agua.
- Las concentraciones en los lagos más contaminados rivalizan con las que se encuentran en los giros oceánicos.
Conclusiones:
- Los lagos y embalses de agua dulce son componentes críticos del ciclo de contaminación por plástico.
- La gestión eficaz de la contaminación plástica debe incluir estos sistemas de agua dulce.
- La protección de los servicios del ecosistema del lago requiere abordar la contaminación por plástico.
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