Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 21, 2025
06:29
Modeling Breast Cancer via an Intraductal Injection of Cre-expressing Adenovirus into the Mouse Mammary Gland
Published on: June 7, 2019
12.8K
Historias evolutivas del cáncer de mama y los clones relacionados
Tomomi Nishimura1,2,3, Nobuyuki Kakiuchi1,4,5, Kenichi Yoshida1,6
1Department of Pathology and Tumour Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Nature
|July 26, 2023
Resumen
La evolución del cáncer de mama implica la adquisición temprana de mutaciones conductoras, con clones no cancerosos que preceden a los cancerosos. Este estudio revela trayectorias evolutivas únicas para los cánceres de mama con una alteración genética específica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- La genética
- Biología evolutiva
Sus antecedentes:
- Las mutaciones comunes del cáncer surgen en los tejidos normales, que preceden al desarrollo del cáncer.
- La secuencia y el orden de los eventos impulsores en la evolución clonal temprana siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
- Comprender la evolución temprana del cáncer de mama es crucial para la detección y prevención tempranas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar las historias evolutivas únicas de los cánceres de mama con la alteración cromosómica der.
- Determinar el momento y el orden de los eventos conductores en el desarrollo del cáncer de mama.
- Investigar los orígenes de la heterogeneidad intratumoral y la evolución de los fundadores del cáncer.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis filogenéticos de cáncer microdiseccionado y lesiones no cancerosas.
- Estimación del tiempo de los eventos evolutivos tempranos utilizando las tasas de mutación en células epiteliales normales.
- Análisis comparativo de los patrones evolutivos en los cánceres de mama y los casos con mutación de AKT1.
Principales resultados:
- El cromosoma derivado der ((1;16) se adquirió durante la adolescencia, precediendo a un antepasado común a principios de los 30 años.
- Tanto los clones cancerosos como los no cancerosos evolucionaron de este antepasado común, y los clones no cancerosos precedieron al cáncer.
- Múltiples fundadores de cáncer independientes surgieron con frecuencia de antepasados no cancerosos, lo que contribuyó a la heterogeneidad del tumor.
- El número de eventos conductores no se correlacionó con la histología, lo que sugiere influencias microambientales o epigenéticas.
Conclusiones:
- La evolución del cáncer de mama es un proceso de varios pasos que implica la adquisición temprana de eventos impulsores en los tejidos normales.
- Los clones no cancerosos pueden servir como precursores de múltiples fundadores de cáncer independientes.
- El estudio proporciona nuevos conocimientos sobre la trayectoria evolutiva del cáncer de mama, en particular para los casos más graves.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
02:21Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
12.0K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
12.0K
02:07Tumor Progression
6.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.4K
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
9.0K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.0K
02:53Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K
01:05Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
7.5K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
7.5K
01:08Cloning of Dolly the Sheep
3.9K
The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual, the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
3.9K