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Trajectoides de cuerpo sólido con forma de rodar a lo largo de las vías deseadas

Yaroslav I Sobolev1, Ruoyu Dong2, Tsvi Tlusty3,4

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Nature
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores diseñaron nuevas formas rodantes llamadas trajectoides que pueden seguir cualquier trayectoria periódica infinita, incluidas las trayectorias complejas y auto cerradas. Este avance tiene aplicaciones potenciales en robótica y óptica.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Las matemáticas
  • La física
  • La robótica
  • Óptica

Sus antecedentes:

  • El movimiento de rotación generalmente implica formas simples como cilindros y esferas que se mueven linealmente.
  • Los sólidos exóticos como los oloides y los esféricos exhiben trayectorias curvilíneas, pero están limitados a trayectorias sinusoidales.
  • La investigación existente sobre cuerpos rodantes se ha centrado en formas específicas y su limitada diversidad de trayectorias.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Determinar si existe una solución general para diseñar un cuerpo rodante para trazar una trayectoria periódica infinita dada.
  • Desarrollar un algoritmo para la creación de tales cuerpos, denominados "trajectoides".
  • Validar experimentalmente los trajectoides diseñados mediante impresión 3D y seguimiento de sus trayectorias de rodadura.

Principales métodos:

  • Desarrollo de un algoritmo computacional para diseñar trajectoides basados en las trayectorias periódicas infinitas deseadas.
  • Impresión en 3D de las formas trajectoides diseñadas.
  • Seguimiento experimental y análisis de las trayectorias de rodadura de los trajectoides impresos.

Principales resultados:

  • Diseño y validación exitosos de trajectoides capaces de seguir trayectorias periódicas infinitas arbitrarias.
  • Demostración de trajectoides que trazan caminos complejos, incluidos los que se cierran a sí mismos.
  • Movimiento ascendente intermitente observado del centro de masa para ciertos diseños trajectoides.

Conclusiones:

  • Se ha establecido un método general para el diseño de cuerpos rodantes (trajectoides) para cualquier trayectoria periódica infinita.
  • Los trajectoides ofrecen una expansión significativa en la diversidad del movimiento de rodadura más allá de los sencillos caminos curvilíneos.
  • El estudio tiene implicaciones potenciales para la óptica cuántica y clásica debido a mapeos exactos con dinámica trajectoide.