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Aumento de las emisiones de carbono de la Amazonía, principalmente por la disminución de la aplicación de la ley
Luciana V Gatti1,2, Camilla L Cunha3, Luciano Marani3
1General Coordination of Earth Science (CGCT), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil. luciana.gatti@inpe.br.
Nature
|August 23, 2023
Resumen
El debilitamiento de la aplicación de la ley ambiental en la Amazonía condujo a un aumento de la deforestación y las emisiones de carbono. Esta disminución en la aplicación de la política afectó significativamente a la región amazónica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Ciencias del clima
- Sector forestal
Sus antecedentes:
- El bosque amazónico, un sumidero crítico de carbono, está experimentando un declive debido a los cambios en el uso de la tierra y los cambios climáticos.
- Las políticas de protección del medio ambiente son cruciales para mantener el equilibrio de carbono de la Amazonía.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto de los cambios en la aplicación de la ley ambiental en el balance de carbono amazónico entre 2010-2018 y 2019-2020.
- Cuantificar los cambios en las emisiones de carbono, la deforestación y la quema de biomasa relacionados con la aplicación de políticas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los perfiles verticales de CO2 atmosférico.
- Utilizó datos de deforestación y incendios.
- Notificaciones de infracción examinadas por deforestación ilegal y multas relacionadas.
Principales resultados:
- Las emisiones de carbono de la Amazonía aumentaron significativamente en 2019-2020 en comparación con 2010-2018.
- La deforestación y las áreas quemadas aumentaron sustancialmente, mientras que las notificaciones de infracción y las multas disminuyeron.
- La Amazonia occidental se convirtió en una fuente neta de carbono durante el período de estudio.
Conclusiones:
- Una disminución en la aplicación de la ley se correlaciona directamente con el aumento de la deforestación, la quema de biomasa y la degradación de los bosques.
- Estos factores elevaron colectivamente las emisiones de carbono, contribuyendo al calentamiento y secado de la selva amazónica.
- Los hallazgos subrayan el papel fundamental de una aplicación sólida de la política ambiental en la preservación de la función de sumidero de carbono de la Amazonía.
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