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Catalizador ternario de aleación líquida NiMo-Bi para la producción eficiente de hidrógeno a partir de la pirólisis

Luning Chen¹, Zhigang Song^1,2, Shuchen Zhang¹

¹Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 24, 2023

Resumen

Un nuevo catalizador de aleación líquida de níquel-molibdeno-bismuto (NiMo-Bi) permite una pirólisis eficiente del metano a baja temperatura para la producción de hidrógeno sin CO2 con subproductos sólidos de carbono.

Área de la Ciencia:

Catálisis
Ciencias de los materiales
Ingeniería Química
Energía sostenible

Sus antecedentes:

La pirólisis del metano (MP) ofrece una ruta prometedora para la producción de hidrógeno con carbono negativo, produciendo carbono sólido valioso.
Un desafío importante en MP es el desarrollo de catalizadores eficientes para un funcionamiento estable a temperaturas moderadas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un catalizador altamente eficiente y estable para la pirólisis del metano.
Investigar el rendimiento catalítico de un nuevo catalizador ternario de aleación líquida NiMo-Bi (LAC).

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de un catalizador ternario de aleación líquida NiMo-Bi (LAC) mediante la modificación de una aleación líquida Ni-Bi con molibdeno.
Caracterización del rendimiento del catalizador en la pirólisis del metano, incluida la energía de activación, el rango de temperatura y la eficiencia de generación de hidrógeno.
Evaluación de la estabilidad del catalizador y de la selectividad del producto a temperaturas elevadas.

Principales resultados:

El NiMo-Bi LAC demostró una baja energía de activación de 81,2 kJ/mol, permitiendo MP entre 450-800°C.
Se obtiene una alta eficiencia de generación de hidrógeno de 4,05 ml/g Ni/min.
Se ha demostrado una selectividad de H2 del 100% y una estabilidad de 120 horas a 800°C.

Conclusiones:

El LAC NiMo-Bi desarrollado mejora significativamente la eficiencia y la estabilidad de la pirólisis del metano.
Este catalizador representa un avance para la producción práctica de hidrógeno sin CO2 a través de la pirólisis del metano.
El subproducto sólido de carbono también presenta oportunidades para la utilización de carbono.

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