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Examen de detección de trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo: Declaración de recomendación final del grupo de trabajo
, Michael J Barry1, Wanda K Nicholson2
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|September 18, 2023
Resumen
Se recomienda la detección de trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo mediante la medición de la presión arterial. Este enfoque ofrece beneficios significativos para la salud materna, abordando una preocupación creciente en los Estados Unidos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Obstetricia y ginecología
- La medicina preventiva
- Salud cardiovascular en el embarazo
Sus antecedentes:
- Los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo son una de las principales causas de enfermedad y muerte materna en los Estados Unidos.
- La incidencia de estos trastornos ha aumentado significativamente, casi duplicándose entre 1993 y 2017.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar las ventajas y desventajas de la detección de trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo.
- Esta revisión sistemática fue realizada por el Grupo de Trabajo de Servicios Preventivos de los Estados Unidos (USPSTF).
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una revisión sistemática para evaluar los métodos de cribado.
- La atención se centró en las mujeres embarazadas sin condiciones hipertensivas preexistentes.
Principales resultados:
- La medición de la presión arterial para detectar trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo demuestra un beneficio neto considerable.
- El USPSTF encontró una certeza moderada con respecto a estos beneficios.
Conclusiones:
- El USPSTF recomienda el cribado rutinario de la presión arterial para los trastornos hipertensivos en todas las mujeres embarazadas durante la gestación.
- Esta recomendación se clasifica como una recomendación "B", lo que indica una alta certeza de beneficio.
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