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Un patrón de transición de fase bioeléctrica los primeros latidos del corazón de los vertebrados
Bill Z Jia1,2,3, Yitong Qi1, J David Wong-Campos1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nature
|September 27, 2023
Resumen
Los primeros latidos del pez cebra emergen repentinamente de ubicaciones variables con una sincronización irregular. El desarrollo gradual de las propiedades eléctricas de las células individuales conduce a un golpe robusto y coordinado a escala de tejido.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo
- Fisiología cardiovascular
- La biofísica
Sus antecedentes:
- Un latido cardíaco regular es crucial para la supervivencia de los vertebrados, generalmente impulsado por un marcapasos localizado en los corazones maduros.
- En los corazones embrionarios tempranos, el ritmo cardíaco está ampliamente distribuido, lo que plantea preguntas sobre el establecimiento y el mantenimiento de la actividad a escala de tejidos.
- La transición inicial de un corazón silencioso a un latido y la dinámica espacio-temporal de los primeros latidos del corazón son poco conocidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para caracterizar el primer latido del corazón en un embrión de pez cebra en la escala de tiempo de los eventos eléctricos individuales.
- Para analizar el desarrollo de la excitabilidad cardíaca y la conducción alrededor del latido cardíaco inicial.
- Comprender cómo el desarrollo asíncrono de una sola célula conduce a una actividad cardíaca coordinada a escala de tejido.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó electrofisiología totalmente óptica para capturar la actividad eléctrica cardíaca más temprana en embriones de pez cebra.
- Analizó la dinámica espacial y temporal de los latidos cardíacos iniciales y su posterior desarrollo.
- Modelado la dinámica bioeléctrica utilizando un nudo de silla de montar ruidoso en el marco de bifurcación de círculo invariante.
Principales resultados:
- Los primeros latidos aparecieron abruptamente con intervalos irregulares.
- Se observó una propagación coherente de la actividad eléctrica a través del corazón primordial.
- Los sitios de iniciación del ritmo variaron entre los embriones individuales y con el tiempo.
- El potencial de acción ascendente fue identificado como impulsado por los canales CaV1.2.
Conclusiones:
- La transición de la quietud a la paliza coordinada es un fenómeno robusto a escala de tejido.
- Esta transición surge del desarrollo gradual y asíncrono de las propiedades bioeléctricas de una sola célula.
- El estudio proporciona una caracterización detallada de la electrofisiología cardíaca temprana y la dinámica de conducción.
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