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Los códigos asociativos y predictivos del hipocampo apoyan comportamientos guiados por la memoria
Can Liu1, Ralitsa Todorova1, Wenbo Tang1
1Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 19, 2023
Resumen
Este estudio revela que la actividad celular de lugar secuencial es crucial para la memoria predictiva, pero no para el aprendizaje asociativo. Las secuencias perturbadoras deterioraron las predicciones de navegación espacial, mientras que la memoria asociativa permaneció intacta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Ciencias cognitivas
- Neurociencia computacional
Sus antecedentes:
- La memoria episódica integra la información de los elementos con el contexto espacio-temporal.
- Los modelos internos del mundo para la predicción se generan a partir de recuerdos.
- Los mecanismos subyacentes a la memoria asociativa y predictiva siguen sin estar claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las distintas funciones de los códigos del hipocampo en la memoria asociativa y predictiva.
- Para aclarar los mecanismos neuronales que apoyan la navegación guiada por la memoria y la predicción.
Principales métodos:
- Manipulación optogenética de la estructura secuencial de las células de lugar en ratas durante la navegación espacial.
- La perturbación se centró en las secuencias de trayectoria, preservando la dinámica de la red global.
- Evaluación de la repetición de la trayectoria, desarrollo de la representación predictiva y aprendizaje asociativo.
Principales resultados:
- Las secuencias de células de lugar perturbadoras abolieron la repetición de la trayectoria y las representaciones predictivas.
- El desarrollo deteriorado de las representaciones predictivas condujo a déficits en el aprendizaje de trayectorias de navegación óptimas.
- El aprendizaje asociativo de contexto de recompensa y la reactivación del ensamblaje de células de lugar no se vieron afectados por la manipulación.
Conclusiones:
- Se demostró una disociación mecanicista entre los códigos asociativos (coactividad) y predictivos (secuencias) del hipocampo.
- La actividad secuencial en las celdas de lugar es esencial para las representaciones espaciales predictivas y la navegación guiada por la memoria.
- La función del hipocampo implica códigos distintos para asociar información y generar predicciones.
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