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Producción de elementos pesados en una fusión de objetos compactos observada por el JWST
Andrew J Levan1,2, Benjamin P Gompertz3,4, Om Sharan Salafia5,6
1Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. a.levan@astro.ru.nl.
Nature
|October 25, 2023
Resumen
Las observaciones de un brillante estallido de rayos gamma (GRB) revelaron una kilonova, lo que indica la producción de elementos pesados. El Telescopio Espacial James Webb detectó telurio y lantánidos, confirmando que los GRB crean diversos elementos de proceso r.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La astrofísica
- La astrofísica nuclear
- Cosmología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las fusiones de objetos compactos binarios son eventos astrofísicos clave.
- Estas fusiones están relacionadas con las explosiones de rayos gamma (GRB), las ondas gravitacionales (GW) y la nucleosíntesis de elementos pesados (proceso r).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar el excepcionalmente brillante GRB 230307A.
- Investigar su asociación con las fusiones de objetos compactos y la emisión de kilonova.
- Determinar los productos de la nucleosíntesis y su papel en la producción cósmica de elementos pesados.
Principales métodos:
- Observaciones de GRB 230307A, un GRB de larga duración asociado con fusiones de objetos compactos.
- Imágenes y espectroscopia en el infrarrojo medio utilizando el Telescopio Espacial James Webb (JWST).
- Análisis de las líneas de emisión espectral y el color de la fuente para identificar los elementos sintetizados.
Principales resultados:
- GRB 230307A exhibió una kilonova similar a AT2017gfo.
- La espectroscopia JWST detectó una línea de emisión de 2,15 micras, identificada como telurio (masa atómica 130).
- La fuente era muy roja, emitiendo principalmente en el infrarrojo medio debido a la producción de lantánidos.
Conclusiones:
- Las kilonovas asociadas a GRB son sitios significativos para la nucleosíntesis del proceso r.
- La nucleosíntesis en los GRB produce elementos de proceso r en un amplio rango de masa atómica.
- Estos eventos juegan un papel central en el presupuesto de elementos pesados del universo.
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